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Changes in rat respiratory behavior under varying PCO2 levels and argon content in hyperbaric Ar-O2-CO2 atmospheres
respiratory carbon dioxide argon animal rat
2009/7/20
An anesthetized rat preparation has been used for breathing studies in hyperbaric Ar-O2-CO2 atmospheres in which total saturation pressure was varied in the range 1-19.1 ATA and PCO2 was set at levels...
A fluorocarbon emulsion with a high solubility for CO2
fluorocarbon Solubility Carbon Dioxide
2009/7/20
A stable emulsion can be prepared by subjecting a mixture of 30 percent (by volume) FC-80 fluorocarbon; a 0.3-M THAM solution titrated to pH 7.4 with HCl; and 0.04 g F68 Pluronic surfactant per millil...
Calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus metabolism, and parathyroid-calcitonin function during prolonged exposure to elevated CO2 concentrations on submarines
submarine CO2 carbon dioxide
2009/7/17
Studies of calcium and phosphorus metabolism and acid-base balance were carried out on three Fleet Ballistic Missile (FBM) submarines during prolonged exposure to elevated concentrations of CO2. The a...
Effect of prolonged exposure to 0.5% CO2 on kidney calcification and ultrastructure of lungs
air animal guinea pig
2009/7/17
Guinea pigs were exposed for up to 8 weeks to 0.5% CO2, 21% O2, and balance N2. Control groups of the same age were kept simultaneously in environmental chambers on air. A slight increase in PaCO2 and...
Effect of intermittent exposure to 3% CO2 on respiration,acid-base balance,and calcium-phosphorus metabolism
CO2 carbon dioxide hydrogen acclimatization air
2009/7/17
One subject was exposed for six days to increasing levels of CO2, rising at a constant rate from 0.03 to 3.0% CO2 within a 15-h period followed by 9 h of air breathing. To assess acid-base parameters,...
Light microscopic examination of kidney tissue of guinea pigs exposed to 1.5% CO2, 21% O2, and balance N2 for periods as long as 42 days and of rats exposed to the same CO2 concentrations for up to 91...
Effects of CO2 insensitivity and respiratory pattern on respiration in divers
human respiratory CO2 insensitivity carbon dioxide retainer
2009/7/16
In a study of respiratory function under hyperbaric conditions one diver (TM) was found to have an extremely low ventilatory response to exercise with a postinspiratory pause typical of certain "carbo...
Acetazolamide and CO2 in hyperbaric oxygen toxicity
Acetazolamide oxygen toxicity carbon dioxide
2009/7/16
The role of CO2 in hyperbaric oxygen toxicity was investigated by administering acetazolamide (Diamox), Tris buffer [tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane], and sodium bicarbonate by i.p. injection, and by ...
An effect of CO2 on the maximum safe direct decompression to 1 bar from oxygen-nitrogen saturation
saturation nitrogen human carbon dioxide
2009/7/14
An investigation into the maximum safe decompression step from oxygen nitrogen saturation to 1 bar was carried out with and without the presence of 0.02 bar carbon dioxide. The series, Islander 1, inv...
Behavioral effects of increased CO2 load in divers
CO2 retention carbon dioxide air performance
2009/7/9
The behavioral effects of elevated PACO2 were examined to clarify risks due to CO2 retention in diving. In two separate laboratory studies, experienced divers breathed 6% CO2 mixtures under normobaric...
CO2 retention with minimal symptoms but severe dysfunction during wet simulated dives to 6.8 atm abs
exercise hyperbaric air chamber carbon dioxide cognitive behavior
2009/7/9
During wet dives in a hyperbaric chamber to 6.8 atm abs (690 kPa), air breathing subjects were experimentally exposed to external breathing resistance. Two of them were, unbeknownst to themselves, sev...
Effects of CO2 and N2 partial pressures on cognitive and psychomotor performance
CO2 carbon dioxide nitrogen narcosis cognitive psychomotor performance
2009/7/8
This study examined N2 and CO2 components of narcosis by comparing the effects of three levels of PETCO2 [low = 29 mmHg (SD = 4 mmHg), medium = 47 mmHg (SD = 1 mmHg), high = 57 mmHg (SD = 2 mmHg)] at ...
Effects of prolonged CO2 inhalation on shivering thermogenesis during cold-water immersion
CO2 carbon dioxide human air shivering immersion thermal cold
2009/6/12
We investigated the effect of prolonged hypercapnia on human thermoregulation during immersion of seven male subjects in a 15 degrees C water bath until their esophageal temperature dropped to 35 degr...
CO2 binding by Baralyme in three different carrier gases
scrubber CO2 carbon dioxide model hyperbaric Baralyme Sodasorb rebreather
2009/6/12
The absorptive properties of Baralyme and Sodasorb for CO2 in a container were studied by measuring the lifetime T0.5 of the unit, i.e., the time until the exit concentration of CO2 reaches 0.5%. The ...
CO2 retention during hyperbaric exercise while breathing 40/60 nitrox
exercise CO2 carbon dioxide air nitrox
2009/6/9
We evaluated CO2 retention in 24 Navy construction divers breathing air at 1 atm abs (101.3 kPa) and 40% O2 (40/60) nitrox at 4 atm abs (Po2 of 162.1 kPa) inside a pressure chamber. The divers sat imm...