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Effect of prolonged moderate and severe energy restriction and refeeding on plasma leptin concentrations in obese women
OB gene obesity leptin
2016/6/1
Plasma leptin in humans is subject to both longand
short-term regulation; it correlates with indexes of body fat
that can only change slowly. However, short-term fasting causes
large and rapid decr...
Effect of a lifestyle intervention on bone mineral density in premenopausal women: a randomized trial
bone markers osteocalcin N-telopeptides
2016/5/31
The positive association between body weight and
bone mineral density (BMD) is well documented; in contrast, the
effect of changes in body weight on BMD is not well understood,
particularly, in nor...
Effect of 50- and 100-mg vitamin E supplements on cellular immune function in noninstitutionalized elderly persons
Elderly vitamin E cellular immune response
2016/5/31
It has been suggested that vitamin E can counteract
the age-associated decline in cellular immune responsiveness
(CIR). Particularly, T helper cell type 1 (Th1) activity, ie,
interferon (IFN) g–pro...
Comparison of the effect of medium-chain and long-chain triacylglycerols on calcium absorption in healthy subjects
Calcium calcium absorption long-chain triacylglycerols
2016/5/31
The absorption efficiency of calcium in humans is
low. Some studies in infants have shown that calcium absorption
can be increased by adding medium-chain triacylglycerols to the
formula diet.
Limited effect of refined carbohydrate dietary supplementation on colonization of the gastrointestinal tract of healthy subjects by Candida albicans
Candida albicans refined carbohydrate colonization
2016/5/31
Infections due to Candida albicans occur readily
in situations in which ample glucose is available. In mice,
dietary refined carbohydrate supplementation leads to higher
rates of Candida growth in ...
Cirrhosis is considered to be a catabolic disease associated with a high prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition (1). Increased energy expenditure (EE) has been proposed (1) and editorialized (2) to...
Effect of transgalactooligosaccharides on the composition of the human intestinal microflora and on putative risk markers for colon cancer
Transgalactooligosaccharides fermentation stool composition
2016/5/31
Nondigestible oligosaccharides have been
claimed to benefit the health of the colon by selectively stimulating
the growth of bifidobacteria and by decreasing the toxicity
of the colon contents
Effect of dietary α-linolenic acid on thrombotic risk factors in vegetarian men
Vegetarian diet a-linolenic acid platelet fatty acid
2016/5/31
Vegetarians have lower platelet and plasma concentrations
of n23 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) than do
omnivores. We recently showed that male vegetarians have
higher platelet aggregability t...
Effect of the glycemic index and content of indigestible carbohydrates of cereal-based breakfast meals on glucose tolerance at lunch in healthy subjects
Barley genotypes spaghetti acetic acid
2016/5/31
Diets with a low glycemic index (GI) have been
shown to improve glucose tolerance in both healthy and diabetic
subjects. Two potential mechanisms are discussed in relation to
long-term metabolic ef...
Effect of iron-, iodine-, and β-carotene–fortified biscuits on the micronutrient status of primary school children: a randomized controlled trial
Vitamin A b-carotene iron
2016/5/30
Deficiencies of iron, iodine, and vitamin A are
prevalent worldwide and can affect the mental development and
learning ability of schoolchildren.
Maternal folate status during extended lactation and the effect of supplemental folic acid
Lactation plasma folate erythrocyte folate
2016/5/30
Folate requirements during lactation are not well
established.
A vitamin E concentrate rich in tocotrienols had no effect on serum lipids, lipoproteins, or platelet function in men with mildly elevated serum lipid concentrations
Tocotrienols cholesterol HDL cholesterol
2016/5/30
Tocotrienols, lipid-soluble antioxidants with vitamin
E activity, have been reported to lower LDL-cholesterol
concentrations and platelet aggregation in men, but results are
contradictory.
The appetizing effect of an apéritif in overweight and normal-weight humans
Macronutrients alcohol preloads
2016/5/30
Epidemiologic studies have shown alcohol consumption
to be inversely as well as positively related to body
weight and body fat. Metabolic studies have shown an increase in
energy intake as well as ...
Effect of fruit juice intake on urinary quercetin excretion and biomarkers of antioxidative status
Quercetin urinary excretion biomarker
2016/5/27
Epidemiologic studies suggest that foods rich in
flavonoids might reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Effect of daily and weekly micronutrient supplementation on micronutrient deficiencies and growth in young Vietnamese children
Iron zinc vitamin A
2016/5/27
Micronutrient deficiencies remain common in
preschool children in developing countries. Interventions focus
on single micronutrients and often lack effectiveness. Weekly
instead of daily supplement...